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FOURTH
SESSION OF THE UNFCCC CONFERENCE OF THE PARTIES (COP4) |
Buenos Aires,
Argentina, 2 al 13 de Noviembre de 1998.
At the COP4, the BCSD-LA announces
its publication Global Climate Change: The Private Sector
Challenge in Latin America, which shows the desire of the Latin American business establishment
to become involved in the global effort to seek solutions to
the problem of climate change.
In this book, the
region's business leaders respond to queries such as: What challenges
does climate change pose to Latin America? How can the business
community offer its leadership to help solve a global problem?
In this manner "Global Climate Change: The Challenge of
the Private Sector" demonstrates an unprecedented and coordinated
Latin American proactivity through discussions on topics of
global interest.
Also, it is recognized
that the challenge of climate change obliges coordination among
governments, international organizations and the private sector,
starting with the generation of viable energy efficiency and
eco-efficiency projects. It also proposes effective options
for realistic and practical actions related to climate change
through the mechanism for clean development and negotiable permits.
The book provides an agenda for the
private sector, which provides the possible procedures in how
to implement the Kyoto’s Protocol mechanisms and methodologies.
For the first time, the private sector, in a developing
region, makes a voluntary commitment to become part of the solution
to the problem any international regime obligations.
This business commitment
is expressed by the following criteria and basic proposals:
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GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE:
THE PRIVATE SECTOR
CHALLENGE IN LATIN AMERICA |
CRITERIA
AND BASIC PROPOSALS
- The challenges posed by climate change are requiring an unprecedented effort
for coordination and institutional development among governments,
international organizations and the private sector. This effort
should be guided by principles of cost effectiveness and efficiency,
as well as by criteria of shared but differentiated responsibility
among countries.
- The Annex I countries of the Framework Convention on Climate Change will
be fulfilling their commitments through different policies
and instruments they will be using within their own countries
and economic structures. However, they also need to have broad
opportunities for compliance through joint projects with developing
countries by using the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
- The CDM and trade in negotiable permits represent the most efficient option
for reaching global objectives in the area of climate change.
They should create a broad, transparent market for rights,
governed by clear, simple rules to minimize transaction costs,
facilitate bilateral arrangements and enable public and private
initiatives to be supplemented. They also need to operate
with autonomy and flexibility, without becoming a pretext
for the creation of huge international bureaucracies.
- The CDM requires a design that will allow private companies to engage in
projects and to trade emission rights either directly or through
their governments as intermediaries.
- There is a need for carbon absorption projects in the forestry sector to
be included within the CDM, involving commercial plantations,
reforestation and environmental restoration. Within this context,
Latin America can provide a considerable added value represented
by the conservation of its natural treasures.
- The concept of having additional features in projects involved in the CDM
should not be any excuse for blocking or hindering investments,
nor for creating uncertainty or discretionary limitations
on private and public mitigation initiatives.
- Reliable and efficient systems for standardization and accreditation and
certification are required, which instead of inhibiting the
development of projects through the CDM, would encourage and
facilitate it. It will be necessary to establish private certification
systems that are equivalent or similar to those currently
existing in the international setting.
- The countries of Latin America should participate in the CDM by individually
and voluntarily assuming domestic energy efficiency and/or
carbon efficiency initiatives (considering their agricultural
and livestock sectors). This would be achieved through programs
for privatization, deregulation, elimination of subsidies
and creation of markets that do not restrict their capabilities
for expansion and sustained growth. Within this context, Latin
America finds significant opportunities for international
cooperation and contribution to global climate efforts, as
well as for financing environmental projects.
- New studies and research need to be done to document the climate change
phenomenon in a more objective fashion, as well as its environmental,
social and economic costs and solutions. A solid base of information
needs to be built on ecoefficient projects, examples and practices,
in addition to a data base that would enable the development
of reliable emissions inventories for the region. This will
enable emissions from activities related to the agricultural
and livestock sector and the rest of the gases included under
the Kyoto protocol to be accounted for through strict methods.
The individuals,
companies and organizations members of BCSDLA and its Network
are backing this proposal.
Available soon for
download the document “Global Climate Change: The Challenge
of the Private Sector in Latin America”, publication
by the BCSD-LA and the Interamerican Center for Sustainable
Development (today INNOVA Center for Sustainable Development),
1998.
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